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Competencies
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1. describe the various hazards that may happen in the event of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides
1. explain the evolving concept of life based on emerging pieces of evidence
2. describe classic experiments that model conditions which may have enabled the first forms to evolve
3. describe how unifying themes (e.g., structure and function, evolution, and ecosystems) in the study of life show the connections among living things and how they interact with each other and with their environment
1. explain how cells carry out functions required for life
2. explain how photosynthetic organisms use light energy to combine carbon dioxide and water to form energy-rich compounds
3. trace the energy flow from the environment to the cells
4. describe how organisms obtain and utilize energy
5. recognize that organisms require energy to carry out functions required for life
Describe the historical development of theories that explain the origin of the universe
Compare the different hypotheses explaining the origin of the solar system
Describe the characteristics of earth that are necessary to support life
Explain that the earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries matter and energy flow
Identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties
Classify rocks into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Identify the minerals important to society
Describe how ore minerals are found, mined, and processed for human use
Cite ways to prevent or lessen the environmental impact that result from the exploitation, extraction, and use of mineral resources
Describe how fossil fuels are formed
Explain how heat from inside the earth is tapped as a source of energy (geothermal) for human use
Cite ways to address the different environmental concerns related to the use of fossil fuels, geothermal energy, and hydroelectric energy
Recognize how water is distributed on earth
Identify the various water resources on earth
Explain how different activities affect the quality and availability of water for human use
Suggest ways of conserving and protecting water resources
Recognize how water is distributed on earth
Identify the various water resources on earth
Explain how different activities affect the quality and availability of water for human use
Suggest ways of conserving and protecting water resources
Describe how people generate different types of waste (solid, liquid, and gaseous) as they make use of various materials and resources in everyday life
Explain how different types of waste affect people’s health and the environment
Cite ways of reducing the production of waste at home, in school, and around the community
1. describe the different ways of how plants reproduce
2. illustrate the relationships among structures of flowers, fruits, and seeds
3. describe the different ways of how representative animals reproduce
4. explain how the information in the dna allows the transfer of genetic information and synthesis of proteins
5. describe the process of genetic engineering
6. conduct a survey of the current uses of genetically modified organisms
7. evaluate the benefits and risks of using gmos
The learners:
8. explain the different metabolic processes involved in the various organ systems
9. describe the general and unique characteristics of the different organ systems in representative animals
10. analyze and appreciate the functional relationships of the different organ systems in ensuring animal survival
The learners: 11. describe the structure and function of the different plant organs
12. explain the different metabolic processes involved in the plant organ systems
The learners: 13. describe evidence of evolution such as homology, dna/protein sequences, plate tectonics, fossil record, embryology, and artificial selection/agriculture
13. explain how populations of organisms have changed and continue to change over time showing patterns of descent with modification from common ancestors to produce the organismal diversity observed today
14. describe how the present system of classification of organisms is based on evolutionary relationships
The learn ers: 15. describe the principles of the ecosystem
16. categorize the different biotic potential and environmental resistance (e.g., diseases, availability of food, and predators) that affect population explosion
17. describe how the different terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are interlinked with one another
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